Subject : SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICE
SEMICONDUCTOR
Semiconductors are materials with electrical conductivity between conductors and insulators.
The most commonly used semiconductor materials are silicon, Si and germanium, Ge.
Some compounds semiconductor, such as gallium arsenate (GaAs), Silicon carbide (SiC) and silicon germanium (SiGe).
Most important property is its conductivity can be controlled by adding certain impurities in the process called doping.
DOPING SEMICONDUCTOR
Purpose of doping : to alter the conductivity of semiconductor materials.
Two types of dopant
p-type (Boron) n-type (Phosphorus, Arsenic)
P-type dopants provide a hole in semiconductor materials, hence called acceptor.
N-type dopants provide an electron in semiconductor materials, hence called donors.
Two types of Semiconductor Materials
Intrinsic Semiconductor Extrinsic Semiconductor
Intrinsic Semiconductor is a pure semiconductor materials with no impurity atoms and no lattice defect.
In intrinsic material, electrons and holes are created in pairs by thermal energy. So the number of electrons in conduction band is equal to the number of holes in the valence band
Extrinsic semiconductor is defined as a semiconductor in which controlled amounts of specific dopant or impurity atoms have been added so that the thermal equilibrium electron and hole concentration are different from the intrinsic carrier concentration.
BASIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICE
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| Capacitor |
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| Diode |
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| Resistor |
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| Bipolar Transistor |
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| MOS Transistor |
